My Blog Has Moved

FYI...my blog has moved to martyrologst.lifewithchrist.org

See you there!

Ancient church found on jail site

Israeli officials say they have discovered what may be the oldest Christian Church in the Holy Land - on the site of a maximum security prison.

Archaeology is quite exciting. Finds like this are the reason I wanted to be in that specific field years ago. This is an excellent find and will help better understand the early Church in Israel. Here's the rest of the article.

"The Martyrologist" discussion forum

Well, I have started a new discussion forum for those of you who would like more of a dialogue on, really, anything, instead of the typically limited comments you can leave on posts. You can discuss theology, the Scriptures, Christian living and practice, sports, books, etc. Check it out; let me know what you think.

God bless.

Soli Deo Gloria.

Promoting the memory of the martyrs through Legos

And you thought it couldn't be done. I am not sure who did this, but this picture is great. Legos can make anything happen.
I think that's supposed to be Polycarp in the mid 2nd century. Thanks to whoever it was that made and took this photo.

Three marks of a martyr

Back in College a few years ago, I wrote my History Senior Thesis paper (needed to be a min. 30 pages, well researched and cited, using Turabian) on the distinctions between martyrdom and suicide in the pre-Augustinian Church. In that paper I wrote about a semi-related and particular view towards martyrdom that I had not found clearly stipulated in any source I had come in contact with so far. This view was that the early Church implicitly believed that true martyrs were marked by three characteristics: they believe in orthodox teachings, were hunted down (arrested, taken captive, pursued) for those beliefs, and were killed. This morning I finished an article, published only months after I began writing my paper, wherein a similar idea was presented. William Weinrich wrote about "a few simple observations."

Martyrdom entails death; only that one who dies for the faith is called a "martyr" . . . the death imposed on the martyr is the result of a judgment to death.. . . the judgment to death imposed on the martyr is due to the refusal of the martyr to confess and to sacrifice to false gods. Confession of faith, rejection of idolatry, and judgment to death--these are the irreducible components of every martyrdom.¹

These points are integral to understanding how the early Church viewed martyrs, and distinguished true martyrs from those who simply died. As is touched on in the article, a perfect example of this idea is found in the Martyrdom of Polycarp. The writer first discussed the story of Quintus, a man who convinced several others to turn themselves into the authorities so they could achieve martyrdom. After some threatening and entreaties, the authorities were able to convince Quintus and his band to abjure and offer sacrifice to the Roman gods. In contrast, Polycarp ran (as is the directive of Christ²), was arrested, and was unshakable in his faith and confession. He the authorities were unable to break and force to offer a sacrifice.

Quintus would have been a false Christian martyr in the eyes of the early Church: "we do not commend those who give themselves up [to suffering], seeing the Gospel does not teach so to do."³ Not only did he and his group fail when they were tested, they volunteered their lives wanting to achieve martyrdom and receive the martyr's glory. Polycarp, in stark contrast, was pursued, arrested while fleeing, and held strongly to the faith he loved for so long. For that he met the martyr's fate. Polycarp's example shows all three above mentioned points. Quintus's fails in all respects.

We need to also understand Polycarp's example as it pertains to how we need to act if ever faced with true persecution. We must never just volunteer ourselves for death. Martyrdom is truly a calling of God, and only He can grant you the endurance and strength to be firm when the time comes. Flee from your persecutors, but never cease to confess the true faith. And never compromise the truth, especially for the sake of your own life. That last point I hope everyone can take to heart, even if you are never persecuted.

_________
¹ William C. Weinrich, "Death and Martyrdom: And Important Aspect of Early Christian Eschatology," Concordia Theological Quarterly, October 2002, 327-8.

² Mt. x.21-23: "Brother will hand over brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rise against parents and have them put to death. And you will be hated by everyone because of my name. But the one who endures to the end will be saved. Whenever they persecute you in one place, flee to another."

³ Martyrdom of Polycarp, iv.

Great spot of humor

Thanks to Tyler Williams at Codex for posting this.

Jesus took his disciples up on the mountain and gathered them around him. And he taught them, saying "Blessed are the poor in spirit. Blessed are the meek. Blessed are those who are persecuted. Blessed are those who suffer. When these things happen, rejoice, for your reward will be great in heaven."

And Simon Peter said, "Do we have to write this down?"
And Phillip said "Is this going to be on the test?"
And John said, "Would you repeat that, slower?"
And Andrew said, "John the Baptist's disciples don't have to learn this stuff."
And Matthew said, "Huh?"
And Judas said, "What's this got to do with real life?"

And then one of the religious leaders, an expert in law, said, "I don't see any of this in your syllabus. Do you have a lesson plan? Where's the student guide? Will there be a follow-up assignment?"

And Thomas, who had missed the sermon, came to Jesus privately and said, "Did we do anything important today?"

And Jesus wept.

Theology of Martyrdom

I will be doing a lot of research and reading on a theology of martyrdom, and the differences and similarities between martyrdom in the early Church and that of the Reformation era. I believe historically the Church presents an understanding of a Theology of Martyrdom, and many people and groups lived their faith with that foundation. I also believe there is a Biblical Theology of Martyrdom, i.e. a theology of martyrdom taught in the Scriptures.

In the sixteenth century, Menno Simons constructed his own theology of martyrdom, giving some concrete structure to the more implied theology of martyrdom the Anabaptists exercised up until that time. In the early Church we see such things as the Cult of Martyrs and even training sessions on how to be a true martyr. Depending on where you look and who you read, you can find an implied theology or a well structured doctrine.

This will be a fun endeavor for me. I am almost done reading John Piper's God is the Gospel. I will finish up the SCP articles and present a review, continue to translate Ignatius' letter to Smyrna, finish The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe with my wonderful wife, and write the next post on Layman's TULIP: Irresistable Grace.

Soli Deo Gloria!

On This Day, 31 October 1517

Martin Luther nailed his 95 points of disputation with the Roman Catholic Church (RCC) to the door of the castle church in Wittenberg. His concerns predominately had to do with Purgatory and the selling of indulgences which was raging through the area. John Tetzel championed this effort, by request of Pope Leo X, in order to bring much needed funds into the church for the construction of St. Peter's.

According to the RCC, indulgences have always been

the extra-sacramental remission of the temporal punishment due, in God's justice, to sin that has been forgiven, which remission is granted by the Church in the exercise of the power of the keys, through the application of the superabundant merits of Christ and of the saints, and for some just and reasonable motive.

At the Council of Trent, during the final session on 4 December 1563 (session xxv), the RCC declared

Whereas the power of conferring Indulgences was granted by Christ to the Church; and she has, even in the most ancient times, used the said power, delivered unto her of God; the sacred holy Synod teaches, and enjoins, that the use of Indulgences, for the Christian people most salutary, and approved of by the authority of sacred Councils, is to be retained in the Church; and It condemns with anathema those who either assert, that they are useless; or who deny that there is in the Church the power of granting them.

**Where do you happen to fall? I not only say they are useless, but also that the RCC has any power at all to use them. Guess I am anathema.**

Now, there is a distinction between a plenary and a partial indulgence. Plenary indulgence is "the remission of the entire temporal punishment due to sin so that no further expiation is required in Purgatory." On the other hand, partial indulgence only cancels out a certain amount of time from one's punishment in Purgatory. God alone knows exactly how many years someone is to spend in Purgatory, and even the severity of the punishment during that time.

That is why Purgatory remains one of the most damning teachings in the RCC. People for so many years have been deceived, and have not understood the grace of God and the substitutionary atonement of His Son, Jesus.

Without the actions of Martin Luther, I believe a Reformation still would have continued. God, however, sovereignly used Luther at that time and the foundations of Wycliffe and Hus were not in vain. We today are the product, without question, of what happened in the sixteenth century. I choose to agree with the soteriology of Calvin (of which Luther's was extremely similar) and many of the ideals and practices of the Anabaptists. Not that I hold them as my foundation, but because I agree with their views of Scripture on the respective issues.

I thank God for the Reformation. Soli Deo Gloria!

Reformation Day

omorrow we remember the moment in our Church's great history most significant to Protestants: Martin Luther nailing his 95 points of contention with the Roman Catholic Church. He desired a dialogue with the leaders of the church, not to look at the the flames of Reformation already raging and add to it a pyre of logs the size of which was used to burn Jan Hus. Like or dislike his style and personality, even (and especially) some of his beliefs, he was the man chosen by God to continue the great work of Reform. He, like Vos and van den Esschen less than four years after he nailed the list to Wittenberg's door, was willing to die for the gospel of Jesus Christ.
If you have not seen Luther with Joseph Fiennes as Martin Luther, please do so.

John Howard Yoder

Just a link for all the J. H. Yoder fans, in case you were not aware of the blog on this man. Check out John Howard Yoder for some articles on Yoder and Yoderianism.